Nature (Nature) | Latest Research

3 days ago

Abstract Thetis cells (TCs) are a recently identified lineage of RORγt+ antigen-presenting cells comprising four subsets including a tolerogenic subset, TC IV, that instructs tolerance to gut microbiota and food antigens1–6. A developmental wave of TCs during early life creates a critical window of

Long-lived remote ion-ion entanglement for scalable quantum repeaters

4 days ago

Abstract Quantum networks, integrating quantum communication, quantum metrology, and distributed quantum computing, could provide secure and efficient information transfer, high-resolution sensing, and an exponential speed-up in information processing1. Deterministic entanglement distribution over

A broadly protective antibody targeting gammaherpesvirus gB

4 days ago

Abstract Gammaherpesvirus is a subfamily of herpesvirus, distinct phylogenetically from alpha- and betaherpesvirus and featured by its oncogenic subtypes, including Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus1. It broadly infects humans and other vertebrate animals and causes var

Developmental convergence and divergence in human stem cell models of autism

8 days ago

Abstract Two decades of genetic studies in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have identified more than 100 genes harbouring rare risk mutations1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13. Despite this substantial heterogeneity, transcriptomic and epigenetic analyses have identified convergent patterns of dysregulat

Accurate determination of the 3D atomic structure of amorphous materials

Abstract Amorphous materials—solids lacking long-range order—underpin technologies from thin-film electronics1, solar cells2 and phase-change memory3 to magnetic components4, medical devices5 and quantum technologies6,7,8. Yet the absence of periodicity fundamentally limits determination of their t

Cholinergic modulation of dopamine release drives effortful behaviour

Abstract Effort is costly: given a choice, we tend to avoid it1. However, in many cases, effort adds value to the ensuing rewards2. From ants3 to humans4, individuals prefer rewards that had been harder to achieve. This counterintuitive process may promote reward seeking even in resource-poor envir

Constraints on axion dark matter by distributed intercity quantum sensors

Abstract Ultralight axion particles are candidates for dark matter1, conjectured to form stable, macroscopic field configurations in three-dimensional space, resulting in the possible formation of topological defect dark matter2,3,4 (TDM). Exploring their possible existence through a realistic para

Optical control of integer and fractional Chern insulators

Abstract Optical control of topology, particularly in the presence of electron correlations, is an interesting topic with broad scientific and technological impact1,2,3,4. Twisted MoTe2 bilayer (tMoTe2) is a zero-field fractional Chern insulator (FCI)5,6,7,8,9,10, exhibiting the fractionally quanti

Low-power integrated optical amplification through second-harmonic resonance

Abstract Optical amplifiers are fundamental to modern photonics, enabling long-distance communications1, precision sensing2,3 and quantum information processing4,5. Erbium-doped amplifiers dominate telecommunications but are restricted to specific wavelength bands1,6, whereas semiconductor amplifie

PAF15–PCNA exhaustion governs the strand-specific control of DNA replication

Abstract Eukaryotic genome replication is surveyed by the S-phase checkpoint, which coordinates sequential origin activation to prevent the exhaustion of poorly defined, rate-limiting replisome components1,2,3. Here we show that excessive origin firing saturates chromatin-bound proliferating cell n

A Cambrian soft-bodied biota after the first Phanerozoic mass extinction

Abstract Cambrian Burgess Shale-type (BST) fossil biotas document nearly complete snapshots of the oldest Phanerozoic marine ecosystems1,2,3,4. However, the rarity of deposits bearing high-diversity BST biotas5 has restricted our understanding of the evolutionary and ecological dynamics of the Camb

Prethermalization by random multipolar driving on a 78-qubit processor

Abstract Time-dependent drives hold promise for realizing non-equilibrium many-body phenomena that are absent in undriven systems1,2,3. Yet, drive-induced heating normally destabilizes the systems4,5, which can be parametrically suppressed in the high-frequency regime by using periodic (Floquet) dr

Projected impacts of climate change on malaria in Africa

Abstract The implications of climate change for malaria eradication this century remain poorly resolved1,2. Many studies focus on parasite and vector ecology in isolation, neglecting the interactions between climate, malaria control and the socioeconomic environment, including disruption from extre

Frequency reproducibility of solid-state thorium-229 nuclear clocks

Abstract Solid-state thorium-229 (229Th) nuclear clocks1,2,3,4,5 are set to provide new opportunities for precision metrology and fundamental physics6,7,8. Taking advantage of inherent low sensitivity of a nuclear transition to its environment9, orders of magnitude more emitters can be hosted in a

Radiation-tolerant atomic-layer-scale RF system for spaceborne communication

Abstract Integrated circuits for communications play an enabling role when it comes to outer-space exploration thanks to their small footprint and low weight1,2,3. However, owing to the severe irradiation effects of space energetic particles, the implementation of radiation-tolerant electronic circ

An X-ray-emitting protocluster at z ≈ 5.7 reveals rapid structure growth

Abstract Galaxy clusters are the most massive gravitationally bound structures in the universe and serve as tracers of the assembly of large-scale structure1. Studying their progenitors, protoclusters, sheds light on the earliest stages of cluster formation. However, detecting protoclusters is dema

Pesticide residues alter taxonomic and functional biodiversity in soils

Abstract Pesticides are widely distributed in soils1,2,3, yet their effects on soil biodiversity remain poorly understood4,5,6,7. Here we examined the effects of 63 pesticides on soil archaea, bacteria, fungi, protists, nematodes, arthropods and key functional gene groups across 373 sites spanning

Bandwidth-tuned Mott transition and superconductivity in moiré WSe2

Abstract The emergence of high-transition-temperature (Tc) superconductivity in strongly correlated materials remains the main unsolved problem in physics. High-Tc materials, such as cuprates, are generally complex and not easily tunable, making theoretical modelling difficult. Although the Hubbard

Intestinal macrophages modulate synucleinopathy along the gut–brain axis

Abstract Emerging evidence suggests that Parkinson’s disease (PD) may have its origin in the enteric nervous system (ENS), from where α-synuclein (αS) pathology spreads to the brain1,2,3,4. Decades before the onset of motor symptoms, patients with PD suffer from constipation and present with circul

Population-scale sequencing resolves determinants of persistent EBV DNA

Abstract Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is an endemic herpesvirus implicated in autoimmunity, cancer and neurological disorders. Although primary infection is often subclinical, persistent EBV infection can drive immune dysregulation and long-term complications. Despite the ubiquity of infection, the det

Environmentally driven immune imprinting protects against allergy

Abstract Allergic diseases are caused by overexuberant type II immune responses mounted against environmental antigens1. The allergic state is typified by the presence of allergen-reactive immunoglobulin E (IgE), which triggers mast cell degranulation upon allergen encounter, manifesting in pruriti

Multimodal learning with next-token prediction for large multimodal models

Abstract Developing a unified algorithm that can learn from and generate across modalities such as text, images and video has been a fundamental challenge in artificial intelligence. Although next-token prediction has driven major advances in large language models1, its extension to multimodal doma

Lasing of a cavity-based X-ray source

Abstract The invention of the laser transformed optics by providing intense, coherent light in the visible region, but extending this concept to X-rays has been hindered by a lack of suitable gain media and mirrors. Current hard X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) facilities1,2,3,4,5 overcome this by

Human and bacterial genetic variation shape oral microbiomes and health

Abstract Human genetic variation influences all aspects of our biology, including the oral cavity1,2,3, through which nutrients and microbes enter the body. Yet it is largely unknown which human genetic variants shape a person’s oral microbiome and potentially promote its dysbiosis3,4,5. We charact

Scalable and multiplexed recorders of gene regulation dynamics across weeks